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PIP & disability benefits

PIP descriptors and points, the full reference

Updated 2 October 2026. How we check our sources.

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All 12 PIP activities and all 67 descriptors in the wording of Schedule 1 to the 2013 PIP Regulations, with the points each one carries, the legal definitions the descriptors rely on, the reliability test, the majority of days rule and a score sheet you can print and tick. It is reference material: which descriptor applies to you is decided by the DWP, not by this page.

How the points add up

Regulation 5(1) of the Social Security (Personal Independence Payment) Regulations 2013: “The score C obtains in relation to daily living activities is determined by adding together the number of points (if any) awarded for each activity listed in column 1 of the table in Part 2 of Schedule 1 (“the daily living activities table”).” Regulation 6(1) says the same of the two mobility activities: “The score C obtains in relation to mobility activities is determined by adding together the number of points (if any) awarded for each activity listed in column 1 of the table in Part 3 of Schedule 1 (“the mobility activities table”).”

The points for an activity are the points of the one descriptor that applies under regulation 7 (regulations 5(2) and 6(2)), so each activity adds a single number, from 0 up to its highest descriptor. The regulations then set two figures for each component:

PIP points thresholds in the regulations and the Welfare Reform Act 2012
ComponentScoreWhat the regulations call it, and the rate the Act attaches
Daily livingat least 8 pointslimited ability, regulation 5(3)(a); the standard rate, section 78(1)
Daily livingat least 12 pointsseverely limited ability, regulation 5(3)(b); the enhanced rate, section 78(2)
Mobilityat least 8 pointslimited ability, regulation 6(3)(a); the standard rate, section 79(1)
Mobilityat least 12 pointsseverely limited ability, regulation 6(3)(b); the enhanced rate, section 79(2)

The two totals are separate: points from the mobility activities never count towards daily living, or the other way round. Points are one condition among several. Sections 78 and 79 of the Welfare Reform Act 2012 also require “the required period condition”, and section 79 a minimum age for the mobility component.

This page sets out the arithmetic. Which descriptor applies to a person is decided by the DWP on the evidence, so a total worked out here, or on the score sheet, is not a prediction of a decision.

The reliability test (regulation 4)

Where C's ability to carry out an activity is assessed, C is to be assessed as satisfying a descriptor only if C can do so -

(a) safely;

(b) to an acceptable standard;

(c) repeatedly; and

(d) within a reasonable time period.

Regulation 4(2A), S.I. 2013/377

(a) Safely
Regulation 4(4)(a) defines this: “safely” means in a manner unlikely to cause harm to C or to another person, either during or after completion of the activity.
(b) To an acceptable standard
The regulations do not define this one, so nothing is quoted here. It is the fourth part of the same test and it is applied in the same way as the other three.
(c) Repeatedly
Regulation 4(4)(b) defines this: “repeatedly” means as often as the activity being assessed is reasonably required to be completed.
(d) Within a reasonable time period
Regulation 4(4)(c) defines this: “reasonable time period” means no more than twice as long as the maximum period that a person without a physical or mental condition which limits that person’s ability to carry out the activity in question would normally take to complete that activity.

Aids and appliances are part of the test. Regulation 4(2): “C's ability to carry out an activity is to be assessed - (a) on the basis of C's ability whilst wearing or using any aid or appliance which C normally wears or uses; or (b) as if C were wearing or using any aid or appliance which C could reasonably be expected to wear or use.”

The DWP’s PIP assessment guide part 2: the assessment criteria (updated 31 August 2026) sets out how assessors are told to apply these tests, activity by activity.

Conditions that vary: regulation 7

For a condition that is better on some days than others, regulation 7 decides which descriptor applies.

The descriptor which applies to C in relation to each activity in the tables referred to in regulations 5 and 6 is -

(a) where one descriptor is satisfied on over 50% of the days of the required period, that descriptor;

(b) where two or more descriptors are each satisfied on over 50% of the days of the required period, the descriptor which scores the higher or highest number of points; and

(c) where no descriptor is satisfied on over 50% of the days of the required period but two or more descriptors (other than a descriptor which scores 0 points) are satisfied for periods which, when added together, amount to over 50% of the days of the required period -

(i) the descriptor which is satisfied for the greater or greatest proportion of days of the required period; or,

(ii) where both or all descriptors are satisfied for the same proportion, the descriptor which scores the higher or highest number of points.

(2) For the purposes of paragraph (1), a descriptor is satisfied on a day in the required period if it is likely that, if C had been assessed on that day, C would have satisfied that descriptor.

Regulation 7(1) and (2), S.I. 2013/377

Regulation 7(3) defines the required period. For a new claim it is “the period of 3 months ending with the prescribed date” together with “the period of 9 months beginning with the day after the prescribed date”. GOV.UK puts it this way: “To get PIP you must experience difficulty with tasks most of the time. This means that you expect to have difficulty more than half of the days over a 12-month period.” (GOV.UK, Personal Independence Payment).

The definitions the descriptors use

Schedule 1, Part 1 defines the words the descriptors turn on. Throughout, “C” is the claimant: regulation 2 says that “C” means a person who has made a claim for or, as the case may be, is entitled to personal independence payment. “Aid or appliance” is defined in regulation 2 rather than in Part 1. Four of them come up again and again in the descriptors:

“aid or appliance”
(a) means any device which improves, provides or replaces C's impaired physical or mental function; and(b) includes a prosthesis;Regulation 2, S.I. 2013/377
“prompting”
means reminding, encouraging or explaining by another person;Schedule 1, Part 1, S.I. 2013/377
“supervision”
means the continuous presence of another person for the purpose of ensuring C's safety;Schedule 1, Part 1, S.I. 2013/377
“assistance”
means physical intervention by another person and does not include speech;Schedule 1, Part 1, S.I. 2013/377
Every definition in Schedule 1, Part 1 (33 terms)
“aided”
means with -(a) the use of an aid or appliance; or(b) supervision, prompting or assistance;Schedule 1, Part 1, S.I. 2013/377
“assistance”
means physical intervention by another person and does not include speech;Schedule 1, Part 1, S.I. 2013/377
“assistance dog”
means a dog trained to guide or assist a person with a sensory impairment;Schedule 1, Part 1, S.I. 2013/377
“basic verbal information”
means information in C's native language conveyed verbally in a simple sentence;Schedule 1, Part 1, S.I. 2013/377
“basic written information”
means signs, symbols and dates written or printed standard size text in C's native language;Schedule 1, Part 1, S.I. 2013/377
“bathe”
includes get into or out of an unadapted bath or shower;Schedule 1, Part 1, S.I. 2013/377
“communication support”
means support from a person trained or experienced in communicating with people with specific communication needs, including interpreting verbal information into a non-verbal form and vice versa;Schedule 1, Part 1, S.I. 2013/377
“complex budgeting decisions”
means decisions involving -(a) calculating household and personal budgets;(b) managing and paying bills; and(c) planning future purchases;Schedule 1, Part 1, S.I. 2013/377
“complex verbal information”
means information in C's native language conveyed verbally in either more than one sentence or one complicated sentence;Schedule 1, Part 1, S.I. 2013/377
“complex written information”
means more than one sentence of written or printed standard size text in C's native language;Schedule 1, Part 1, S.I. 2013/377
“cook”
means heat food at or above waist height;Schedule 1, Part 1, S.I. 2013/377
“dress and undress”
includes put on and take off socks and shoes;Schedule 1, Part 1, S.I. 2013/377
“engage socially”
means -(a) interact with others in a contextually and socially appropriate manner;(b) understand body language; and(c) establish relationships;Schedule 1, Part 1, S.I. 2013/377
“manage incontinence”
means manage involuntary evacuation of the bowel or bladder, including use a collecting device or self-catheterisation, and clean oneself afterwards;Schedule 1, Part 1, S.I. 2013/377
“manage medication”
means take medication, where a failure to do so is likely to result in a deterioration in C's health;Schedule 1, Part 1, S.I. 2013/377 · Words about therapy omitted by S.I. 2017/194 from 16 March 2017.
“manage therapy”
means undertake therapy, where a failure to do so is likely to result in a deterioration in C's health;Schedule 1, Part 1, S.I. 2013/377 · Inserted by S.I. 2017/194 from 16 March 2017.
“medication”
means medication to be taken at home which is prescribed or recommended by a registered -(a) doctor;(b) nurse; or(c) pharmacist;Schedule 1, Part 1, S.I. 2013/377
“monitor a health condition”
means -(a) detect significant changes in C's health condition which are likely to lead to a deterioration in C's health; and(b) take action advised by a -(i) registered doctor;(ii) registered nurse;(iii) health professional who is regulated by the Health Professions Council; or(iv) a physician associate registered under the Anaesthesia Associates and Physician Associates Order 2024,without which C's health is likely to deteriorate;Schedule 1, Part 1, S.I. 2013/377 · Term substituted by S.I. 2017/194 from 16 March 2017; paragraph (iv) inserted by S.I. 2024/374 from 13 December 2024.
“orientation aid”
means a specialist aid designed to assist disabled people to follow a route safely;Schedule 1, Part 1, S.I. 2013/377
“prepare”
in the context of food, means make food ready for cooking or eating;Schedule 1, Part 1, S.I. 2013/377
“prompting”
means reminding, encouraging or explaining by another person;Schedule 1, Part 1, S.I. 2013/377
“psychological distress”
means distress related to an enduring mental health condition or an intellectual or cognitive impairment;Schedule 1, Part 1, S.I. 2013/377
“read”
includes read signs, symbols and words but does not include read Braille;Schedule 1, Part 1, S.I. 2013/377
“simple budgeting decisions”
means decisions involving -(a) calculating the cost of goods; and(b) calculating change required after a purchase;Schedule 1, Part 1, S.I. 2013/377
“simple meal”
means a cooked one-course meal for one using fresh ingredients;Schedule 1, Part 1, S.I. 2013/377
“social support”
means support from a person trained or experienced in assisting people to engage in social situations;Schedule 1, Part 1, S.I. 2013/377
“stand”
means stand upright with at least one biological foot on the ground;Schedule 1, Part 1, S.I. 2013/377
“supervision”
means the continuous presence of another person for the purpose of ensuring C's safety;Schedule 1, Part 1, S.I. 2013/377
“take nutrition”
means -(a) cut food into pieces, convey food and drink to one's mouth and chew and swallow food and drink; or(b) take nutrition by using a therapeutic source;Schedule 1, Part 1, S.I. 2013/377
“therapeutic source”
means parenteral or enteral tube feeding, using a rate-limiting device such as a delivery system or feed pump;Schedule 1, Part 1, S.I. 2013/377
“therapy”
means therapy to be undertaken at home which is prescribed or recommended by a -(a) registered -(i) doctor;(ii) nurse;(iii) pharmacist; or(iv) a physician associate; or(b) health professional regulated by the Health Professions Council;but does not include taking or applying, or otherwise receiving or administering, medication (whether orally, topically or by any other means), or any action which, in C's case, falls within the definition of “monitor a health condition”;Schedule 1, Part 1, S.I. 2013/377 · Closing words inserted by S.I. 2017/194 from 16 March 2017; paragraph (a)(iv) inserted by S.I. 2024/374 from 13 December 2024.
“toilet needs”
means -(a) getting on and off an unadapted toilet;(b) evacuating the bladder and bowel; and(c) cleaning oneself afterwards; andSchedule 1, Part 1, S.I. 2013/377
“unaided”
means without -(a) the use of an aid or appliance; or(b) supervision, prompting or assistance.Schedule 1, Part 1, S.I. 2013/377

Quoted from Schedule 1, Part 1 on legislation.gov.uk, as it stood on 2 October 2026, with amendments in force applied.

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Daily living descriptors (Schedule 1, Part 2)

The ten daily living activities, each with its descriptors lettered as in Schedule 1, Part 2 and the points in its column 3. Sub-paragraphs (i), (ii) and (iii) are set out on their own lines, as the Schedule sets them out.

Daily living activity 1: Preparing food

Descriptors a to f, 0 to 8 points
Schedule 1 descriptors and points for daily living activity 1, Preparing food
LetterWording in Schedule 1Points
aCan prepare and cook a simple meal unaided.0
bNeeds to use an aid or appliance to be able to either prepare or cook a simple meal.2
cCannot cook a simple meal using a conventional cooker but is able to do so using a microwave.2
dNeeds prompting to be able to either prepare or cook a simple meal.2
eNeeds supervision or assistance to either prepare or cook a simple meal.4
fCannot prepare and cook food.8

Example answers for this activity · Add up your descriptors in the calculator

Daily living activity 2: Taking nutrition

Descriptors a to f, 0 to 10 points
Schedule 1 descriptors and points for daily living activity 2, Taking nutrition
LetterWording in Schedule 1Points
aCan take nutrition unaided.0
bNeeds -(i) to use an aid or appliance to be able to take nutrition; or(ii) supervision to be able to take nutrition; or(iii) assistance to be able to cut up food.2
cNeeds a therapeutic source to be able to take nutrition.2
dNeeds prompting to be able to take nutrition.4
eNeeds assistance to be able to manage a therapeutic source to take nutrition.6
fCannot convey food and drink to their mouth and needs another person to do so.10

Example answers for this activity · Add up your descriptors in the calculator

Daily living activity 3: Managing therapy or monitoring a health condition

Descriptors a to f, 0 to 8 points
Schedule 1 descriptors and points for daily living activity 3, Managing therapy or monitoring a health condition
LetterWording in Schedule 1Points
aEither -(i) does not receive medication or therapy or need to monitor a health condition; or(ii) can manage medication or therapy or monitor a health condition unaided.0
bNeeds any one or more of the following -(i) to use an aid or appliance to be able to manage medication;(ii) supervision, prompting or assistance to be able to manage medication.(iii) supervision, prompting or assistance to be able to monitor a health condition.1
cNeeds supervision, prompting or assistance to be able to manage therapy that takes no more than 3.5 hours a week.2
dNeeds supervision, prompting or assistance to be able to manage therapy that takes more than 3.5 but no more than 7 hours a week.4
eNeeds supervision, prompting or assistance to be able to manage therapy that takes more than 7 but no more than 14 hours a week.6
fNeeds supervision, prompting or assistance to be able to manage therapy that takes more than 14 hours a week.8

Example answers for this activity · Add up your descriptors in the calculator

Daily living activity 4: Washing and bathing

Descriptors a to g, 0 to 8 points
Schedule 1 descriptors and points for daily living activity 4, Washing and bathing
LetterWording in Schedule 1Points
aCan wash and bathe unaided.0
bNeeds to use an aid or appliance to be able to wash or bathe.2
cNeeds supervision or prompting to be able to wash or bathe.2
dNeeds assistance to be able to wash either their hair or body below the waist.2
eNeeds assistance to be able to get in or out of a bath or shower.3
fNeeds assistance to be able to wash their body between the shoulders and waist.4
gCannot wash and bathe at all and needs another person to wash their entire body.8

Example answers for this activity · Add up your descriptors in the calculator

Daily living activity 5: Managing toilet needs or incontinence

Descriptors a to f, 0 to 8 points
Schedule 1 descriptors and points for daily living activity 5, Managing toilet needs or incontinence
LetterWording in Schedule 1Points
aCan manage toilet needs or incontinence unaided.0
bNeeds to use an aid or appliance to be able to manage toilet needs or incontinence.2
cNeeds supervision or prompting to be able to manage toilet needs.2
dNeeds assistance to be able to manage toilet needs.4
eNeeds assistance to be able to manage incontinence of either bladder or bowel.6
fNeeds assistance to be able to manage incontinence of both bladder and bowel.8

Example answers for this activity · Add up your descriptors in the calculator

Daily living activity 6: Dressing and undressing

Descriptors a to f, 0 to 8 points
Schedule 1 descriptors and points for daily living activity 6, Dressing and undressing
LetterWording in Schedule 1Points
aCan dress and undress unaided.0
bNeeds to use an aid or appliance to be able to dress or undress.2
cNeeds either -(i) prompting to be able to dress, undress or determine appropriate circumstances for remaining clothed; or(ii) prompting or assistance to be able to select appropriate clothing.2
dNeeds assistance to be able to dress or undress their lower body.2
eNeeds assistance to be able to dress or undress their upper body.4
fCannot dress or undress at all.8

Example answers for this activity · Add up your descriptors in the calculator

Daily living activity 7: Communicating verbally

Descriptors a to e, 0 to 12 points
Schedule 1 descriptors and points for daily living activity 7, Communicating verbally
LetterWording in Schedule 1Points
aCan express and understand verbal information unaided.0
bNeeds to use an aid or appliance to be able to speak or hear.2
cNeeds communication support to be able to express or understand complex verbal information.4
dNeeds communication support to be able to express or understand basic verbal information.8
eCannot express or understand verbal information at all even with communication support.12

Example answers for this activity · Add up your descriptors in the calculator

Daily living activity 8: Reading and understanding signs, symbols and words

Descriptors a to e, 0 to 8 points
Schedule 1 descriptors and points for daily living activity 8, Reading and understanding signs, symbols and words
LetterWording in Schedule 1Points
aCan read and understand basic and complex written information either unaided or using spectacles or contact lenses.0
bNeeds to use an aid or appliance, other than spectacles or contact lenses, to be able to read or understand either basic or complex written information.2
cNeeds prompting to be able to read or understand complex written information.2
dNeeds prompting to be able to read or understand basic written information.4
eCannot read or understand signs, symbols or words at all.8

Example answers for this activity · Add up your descriptors in the calculator

Daily living activity 9: Engaging with other people face to face

Descriptors a to d, 0 to 8 points
Schedule 1 descriptors and points for daily living activity 9, Engaging with other people face to face
LetterWording in Schedule 1Points
aCan engage with other people unaided.0
bNeeds prompting to be able to engage with other people.2
cNeeds social support to be able to engage with other people.4
dCannot engage with other people due to such engagement causing either -(i) overwhelming psychological distress to the claimant; or(ii) the claimant to exhibit behaviour which would result in a substantial risk of harm to the claimant or another person.8

Example answers for this activity · Add up your descriptors in the calculator

Daily living activity 10: Making budgeting decisions

Descriptors a to d, 0 to 6 points
Schedule 1 descriptors and points for daily living activity 10, Making budgeting decisions
LetterWording in Schedule 1Points
aCan manage complex budgeting decisions unaided.0
bNeeds prompting or assistance to be able to make complex budgeting decisions.2
cNeeds prompting or assistance to be able to make simple budgeting decisions.4
dCannot make any budgeting decisions at all.6

Example answers for this activity · Add up your descriptors in the calculator

Mobility descriptors (Schedule 1, Part 3)

The two mobility activities, from Schedule 1, Part 3. They are scored as a separate component from daily living.

Mobility activity 1: Planning and following journeys

Descriptors a to f, 0 to 12 points
Schedule 1 descriptors and points for mobility activity 1, Planning and following journeys
LetterWording in Schedule 1Points
aCan plan and follow the route of a journey unaided.0
bNeeds prompting to be able to undertake any journey to avoid overwhelming psychological distress to the claimant.4
cCannot plan the route of a journey.8
dCannot follow the route of an unfamiliar journey without another person, assistance dog or orientation aid.10
eCannot undertake any journey because it would cause overwhelming psychological distress to the claimant.10
fCannot follow the route of a familiar journey without another person, an assistance dog or an orientation aid.12

Example answers for this activity · Add up your descriptors in the calculator

Mobility activity 2: Moving around

Descriptors a to f, 0 to 12 points
Schedule 1 descriptors and points for mobility activity 2, Moving around
LetterWording in Schedule 1Points
aCan stand and then move more than 200 metres, either aided or unaided.0
bCan stand and then move more than 50 metres but no more than 200 metres, either aided or unaided.4
cCan stand and then move unaided more than 20 metres but no more than 50 metres.8
dCan stand and then move using an aid or appliance more than 20 metres but no more than 50 metres.10
eCan stand and then move more than 1 metre but no more than 20 metres, either aided or unaided.12
fCannot, either aided or unaided, -(i) stand; or(ii) move more than 1 metre.12

Example answers for this activity · Add up your descriptors in the calculator

Printable PIP score sheet

Printing this page prints the score sheet and nothing else: short instructions, all 67 descriptors in the wording of Schedule 1 with a tick box beside each, a points box under every activity, and a total for each component with the 8 and 12 point figures from regulations 5(3) and 6(3). Tick on paper, add up, and keep it with your notes, or save it as a PDF from the print dialog.

It adds up the descriptors you tick. It does not decide anything and it is not a prediction of what the DWP will decide.

Prefer to tick on screen? The PIP points calculator adds up the same 67 descriptors in your browser and shows each total against the 8 and 12 point figures.

PIP weekly rates for 2026/27 (reference)

For reference, the weekly amounts GOV.UK states for 2026/27. They sit here, apart from the points, because the rate a person is paid follows the DWP’s decision on their claim, not a total worked out on this page.

PIP weekly rates for 2026/27, as GOV.UK states them
Weekly rate, 2026/27Standard rate (GOV.UK: lower weekly rate)Enhanced rate (GOV.UK: higher weekly rate)
Daily living part£76.70£114.60
Mobility part£30.30£80

Source: GOV.UK, Personal Independence Payment: PIP amounts, and the DWP’s Benefit and pension rates 2026 to 2027, which lists these as the 2026/27 rates. GOV.UK says PIP is usually paid every 4 weeks, so a 4-weekly payment is four times the weekly figure.

Using this reference

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Frequently asked questions

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Score yourself against the twelve activities

Every descriptor and point value quoted from Schedule 1 of the 2013 regulations, with the reliability test from regulation 4(2A) set out before you start. Daily living and mobility are totalled separately, in your browser, and you are not asked for an email address.

It reports the points those descriptors carry. Whether a descriptor applies to you is decided by the assessor and the decision maker, not by this page.

Open the PIP points calculator

How many PIP descriptors are there?

67. Schedule 1 to the Social Security (Personal Independence Payment) Regulations 2013 sets out 12 activities: 10 daily living activities with 55 descriptors between them, and 2 mobility activities with 12. Each descriptor carries a fixed number of points, from 0 to 12.

How many points do you need for PIP?

The regulations set two figures, counted separately for daily living and for mobility. Under regulations 5(3) and 6(3), a score of at least 8 points is limited ability and at least 12 points is severely limited ability. Sections 78 and 79 of the Welfare Reform Act 2012 attach the standard rate to limited ability and the enhanced rate to severely limited ability, alongside the other conditions of entitlement.

How are PIP points added up?

Each activity contributes the points of one descriptor, the one that applies under regulation 7. The 10 daily living activities are added together for the daily living component and the 2 mobility activities for the mobility component (regulations 5(1) and 6(1)). Points from one component never count towards the other.

What does reliably mean for PIP?

Regulation 4(2A) says a person is assessed as satisfying a descriptor only if they can do so safely, to an acceptable standard, repeatedly and within a reasonable time period. Regulation 4(4) defines three of those: safely means in a manner unlikely to cause harm to the person or to another person, during or after the activity; repeatedly means as often as the activity is reasonably required to be completed; a reasonable time period means no more than twice as long as the maximum a person without the condition would normally take.

What is the difference between prompting, supervision and assistance?

Schedule 1, Part 1 defines all three. Prompting means reminding, encouraging or explaining by another person. Supervision means the continuous presence of another person for the purpose of ensuring the claimant's safety. Assistance means physical intervention by another person and does not include speech.

What if my condition varies from day to day?

Regulation 7 looks at the days of the required period. A descriptor applies if it is satisfied on over 50% of those days. Where two or more are each satisfied on over 50% of the days, the one scoring the higher or highest number of points applies, and regulation 7(1)(c) covers days on which different descriptors are satisfied.

Is there a PIP score sheet I can print?

Yes. Printing this page prints a score sheet: all 67 descriptors in the statutory wording with a tick box each, a points box for each activity, and the two totals with the 8 and 12 point figures. It adds up what you tick. It is not a decision and not a prediction of one.

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Last updated 2 October 2026 · Sources re-audited 2 October 2026 · How we research · Spot an inaccuracy? Email us

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