PIP: The Numbers · Flagship study

The Believability Gap.

Some conditions are awarded PIP 96.4% of the time. Others, 12.4%. The difference is not how disabling they are, it is how provable they are on assessment day.

Data: DWP quarterly PIP statistics, 16 June 2026 release. Coverage: April 2026. Retrieved 16 July 2026. Source: DWP Stat-Xplore (Open Data API).

Total PIP caseload
4,010,119
People with an entitlement, April 2026. England and Wales.
Award rate (last 12 months)
39.6%
Of new claims decided in the last 12 months were awarded (May 2025 to April 2026).
The squeeze
44.2% → 39.6%
All-time new-claim rate vs last 12 months: a 4.6pt drop.
PIP new claim award rate by condition

Rheumatoid arthritis

62.1%

of new PIP claims awarded

All conditions: 44.2%

95,553 new claim decisions. 85,085 people currently receiving PIP with this condition recorded.

Source: DWP Stat-Xplore (Open Data API), new claim decisions since 2013, DWP quarterly PIP statistics, 16 June 2026 release

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The ladder

Every condition, plotted.

Each dot is a DWP condition category. Horizontal axis: how many people currently claim (log scale). Vertical axis: headline award rate. Colour: how the condition presents at assessment.

Named extremes at the top: motor neurone disease (95.8%) and pancreatic cancer (96.4%). Bottom of the ladder: eczema (12.4%) and ADHD / ADD (24.1%).

The league table

All 165 conditions.

Default sort: hardest to win first. † marks conditions with fewer than 300 decisions in the last 12 months, where the headline rate falls back to the all-time figure.

#ConditionAward rateClaimantsTrendGroupMR change rateShare
1Eczema (dermatitis)12.4%1,519mixed15.8%
2Dyslexia16.8%4,490mixed18.9%
3Ulcerative colitis17.7%5,897objective15.5%
4Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)18.2%3,288invisible16.6%
5Sleep apnoea - obstructive18.7%3,900objective13.8%
6Migraine21.6%6,052invisible15.6%
7Crohns disease22.3%12,346objective19.2%
8Skin disease - Other / type not known22.6%2,399mixed22.2%
9Conductive hearing loss - Other causes of / type not known23.1% 2,292objective17.9%
10Ovary uterus cervix vagina and vulva - Other diseases of / type not known24.0%1,776mixed17.3%
11ADHD / ADD24.1%100,207invisible22.9%
12Hypothyroidism (myxoedema)24.5%2,169mixed20.7%
13Headache - Other causes of / cause not known25.0%1,882invisible19.0%
14Bladder urethra testes and penis - Other diseases of / type not known25.2%1,857mixed17.7%
15Small bowel - Other diseases of / type not known26.0%1,925mixed19.4%
16Diabetes mellitus Type 1 (insulin dependent)26.0%13,678objective18.8%
17Oesophagus stomach and duodenum - Other diseases of / type not known26.1%2,354mixed23.1%
18Psoriasis26.4%2,295mixed20.2%
19Menieres disease26.9%2,285mixed20.5%
20Raynaud's disease/phenomenon26.9%2,420mixed20.4%
21Diverticular disease / diverticulitis27.2%2,845mixed17.3%
22Dizziness - cause not specified28.1%2,164invisible19.4%
23Gastrointestinal tract - Other diseases of / type not known28.2%2,844mixed21.3%
24Gout29.2%2,808mixed21.0%
25Adhesive capsulitis (frozen shoulder)29.7%1,894mixed18.6%
26Endometriosis29.8%6,121invisible17.7%
27Disease affecting hearing & balance - Other/ type not known30.1%6,490mixed19.0%
28Shoulder disorders - Other / type not known31.1%7,273mixed20.2%
29Hernia32.2%2,123mixed21.7%
30Wrist and hand disorders - Other / type not known32.8%9,063mixed22.4%
31Upper limb - Injury/Fracture/Dislocation of33.0%6,486objective22.1%
32Asperger syndrome33.1%30,551invisible31.0%
33Rotator cuff disorder33.4%2,028mixed18.9%
34Diabetes mellitus (category unknown)33.7%14,052objective27.8%
35Diabetes mellitus Type 2 (non insulin dependent)34.5%16,335objective24.5%
36Ankle and foot disorders - Other / type not known34.8%14,144mixed22.5%
37Sensorineural hearing loss - Other causes of / type not known34.9%7,534objective18.0%
38Hypertension36.0%6,248mixed26.2%
39Asthma36.0%26,052mixed25.0%
40Tachycardia36.5%3,647mixed22.2%
41Glaucoma38.1%4,094objective25.8%
42Hypermobility syndrome38.1%8,017invisible25.9%
43Carpal tunnel syndrome38.1%8,466mixed21.4%
44Anxiety disorders - Other / type not known38.2%39,033invisible22.0%
45Autism38.4%227,526invisible30.7%
46Transient ischaemic attacks (TIAs)38.6%2,948objective24.9%
47Generalised anxiety disorder38.7%15,692invisible22.0%
48Heart disease - Congenital - Other / type not known38.8%4,044mixed25.8%
49Cardiovascular disease - Other / type not known39.3%10,528mixed23.2%
50Atrial fibrillation/flutter39.5%4,523mixed22.5%
51Deep vein thrombosis39.8%3,404mixed26.4%
52Mood disorders - Other / type not known40.1%5,704invisible27.6%
53Scoliosis40.1%13,418objective25.2%
54Vision - Other diseases affecting / type not known40.7%13,255mixed29.1%
55Hearing loss - mixed41.0%6,854mixed20.1%
56Cardiomyopathy41.2%4,469objective26.8%
57Myocardial infarction41.2%11,795objective22.4%
58Kidney disease - Other / type not known41.6%10,975mixed26.9%
59Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD)41.8%12,343invisible28.8%
60Genetic disorders dysplasias and malformations - Other / type not known41.9%13,507mixed29.2%
61Knee disorders - Other / type not known42.1%21,343mixed24.3%
62Sarcoidosis42.6%2,734objective26.7%
63HIV/AIDs42.9%5,627objective26.0%
64Ischaemic heart disease - Other / type not known43.1%10,489objective25.5%
65Osteoarthritis of other single joint43.1%15,179objective24.5%
66Musculoskeletal disease - Regional / Localised - Other / type not known43.1%15,762mixed23.9%
67Movement disorders - Other / type not known43.3%4,943mixed31.0%
68Autoimmune disease - Other / type not known43.9%3,811mixed27.4%
69Angina44.0%8,846objective22.4%
70Neck disorders - Other / type not known44.2%6,231mixed23.8%
71Long COVID / post-COVID (DWP category: Coronavirus COVID-19)44.4%6,163invisible19.2%
72Peripheral nerve injury - Other / type not known44.4%5,067mixed27.0%
73specific learning disorder - other / type not known44.5%24,978mixed32.4%
74Phobia - Social44.8%3,453invisible24.3%
75Lower limb - Injuries/Fracture/Dislocation of44.8%16,283objective26.0%
76tumours - benign - Other / type not known45.0%6,946objective27.0%
77Panic disorder45.3%3,738invisible24.4%
78Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)46.0%8,365objective26.7%
79Pancreatitis - chronic46.6%2,550mixed27.7%
80Depressive disorder46.7%93,364invisible25.7%
81Inflammatory arthritis - Other / type not known46.7%71,829mixed26.2%
82Lower respiratory tract - Other diseases of / type not known47.2%4,048mixed24.5%
83Generalised musculoskeletal disease - Other / type not known47.3%16,229mixed23.7%
84Osteoporosis48.7%11,976objective26.6%
85Ehlers Danlos syndrome49.0%7,386invisible32.1%
86Anxiety and depressive disorders - mixed49.3%435,330invisible27.4%
87Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS)49.3%33,555invisible26.5%
88Cerebrovascular disease - Other / type not known49.4%4,775mixed27.1%
89Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) chronic bronchitis/emphysema49.6%91,773objective26.0%
90Head injury - Cognitive impairment50.1%10,635objective33.4%
91Neurological disorders - Other / type not known50.2%33,283mixed27.1%
92Back pain - Non specific (mechanical)50.4%52,374invisible23.6%
93Multiple sclerosis50.6%57,599objective33.1%
94Cervical spondylosis50.6%9,595mixed25.0%
95Pain syndromes - Chronic - Other / type not known50.9%17,281invisible28.5%
96Ankylosing spondylitis51.1%13,583objective28.0%
97Lymphoedema51.2%6,447mixed30.1%
98Liver failure - Features of - Other / features not known51.3%2,273mixed26.0%
99Neuropathies - Other / type not known including peripheral51.4%25,081mixed24.5%
100Cervical disc lesion51.8%3,158mixed26.6%
101Arthritis - Psoriatic52.3%18,380mixed29.4%
102Learning disability - Other / type not known52.5%149,464objective39.8%
103Bipolar affective disorder (Hypomania / Mania)52.7%57,088invisible32.4%
104Deafness - congenital52.8%15,854objective29.4%
105Primary generalised Osteoarthritis53.5%218,067objective26.7%
106Post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)53.6%66,816invisible31.1%
107Hip disorders - Other / type not known53.9%17,428mixed29.3%
108Fibromyalgia54.0%179,051invisible26.8%
109Osteoarthritis of Knee54.1%47,980objective25.6%
110Rheumatoid arthritis54.1%85,085objective29.1%
111Head injury - Cognitive and sensorimotor impairment54.2%12,468objective32.2%
112Cardiac failure55.1%16,660mixed27.0%
113Cognitive disorders - Other / type not known55.2%7,813mixed31.7%
114Back pain - Specific - Other / type not known55.3%116,405invisible28.3%
115Cirrhosis - Other / type not known55.4%2,891objective27.1%
116Multiple - Injuries/Fracture/Dislocation56.5%9,815objective28.7%
117Renal failure - chronic56.5%6,114objective30.2%
118Personality disorder56.9%58,338invisible34.9%
119Prostate - cancer of58.7%7,155objective25.0%
120Spine - Injuries/Fracture/Dislocation of59.5%19,722objective29.5%
121Fracture complications - Other / type not known60.6% 1,734objective28.1%
122Spondylolisthesis60.7%7,485objective30.4%
123Cerebrovascular accident (stroke)61.4%82,805objective30.5%
124Lumbar disc lesion61.5%40,163mixed28.5%
125Lumbar spondylosis (OA spine)61.6%23,732mixed27.4%
126Parkinson's disease63.3%16,577objective37.7%
127Psychotic disorders - Other / type not known63.8%34,846invisible35.4%
128Schizoaffective disorder64.9%14,017invisible37.1%
129Spinal cord compression - Other causes of / cause not known65.2%7,375objective34.4%
130Agoraphobia65.3%7,167invisible31.2%
131Anorexia nervosa65.4%5,231invisible40.4%
132Cirrhosis - Alcohol induced65.6%1,427objective26.2%
133Seizures - unclassified65.7%51,541mixed28.1%
134Osteoarthritis of Hip66.1%22,008objective28.0%
135Schizophrenia66.4%83,048invisible37.3%
136Drug misuse66.4%4,825invisible33.6%
137Generalised seizures (without status epilepticus in last 12 months)67.6%7,104mixed27.8%
138Bladder - cancer of67.8%2,268objective24.8%
139Spinal stenosis68.3%20,779objective30.4%
140Alcohol misuse69.8%13,313invisible29.6%
141Obesity70.4%4,688mixed29.8%
142Cancers - Other / type not known71.4%9,432objective29.9%
143Endometrium (uterus / womb) - cancer of71.5%1,641objectiven/a
144Kidney - cancer of74.4%3,119objective28.0%
145Non hodgkins lymphoma74.4%4,728objective32.0%
146Breast - cancer of75.0%30,622objective29.4%
147Generalised seizures (with status epilepticus in last 12 months)75.3%9,864mixed29.7%
148Amputation - Lower limb(s)75.3%14,112objective39.2%
149Melanoma76.4%2,026mixedn/a
150Hodgkins lymphoma77.5%2,452objective35.8%
151Mouth/tongue - cancer of78.2%2,338objective34.0%
152Cervix - cancer of80.6%1,829objective30.7%
153Bowel cancer81.9%12,435objective29.9%
154Myeloma82.5%4,206objective37.2%
155Ovary - cancer of84.9%2,643objective35.5%
156Dementia85.2%14,755objective42.4%
157Gastrointestinal tract - Other cancers of / type not known89.1%2,377objectiven/a
158Stomach - cancer of89.9%900objectiven/a
159Brain and spinal cord - cancer of90.3%7,027objective32.6%
160Liver - cancer of90.9%1,380objectiven/a
161Primary cancer - site not known91.1%590objectiven/a
162Oesophagus - cancer of92.3%2,636objective32.2%
163Lung cancers - Other93.0%11,982objective33.9%
164Motor neurone disease95.8%2,390objectiven/a
165Pancreas - cancer of96.4%1,790objectiven/a

MR change rate: share of mandatory reconsiderations that changed the decision, April 2013 to July 2021. DWP stopped publishing per-condition MR outcomes after July 2021; this is the most recent per-condition MR data the department has released. The current national aggregate (28% of MRs change the decision, May 2021 to April 2026) is published in the quarterly PIP statistics.

Finding 1

The squeeze.

Across all conditions the new-claim award rate has fallen from 44.2% all-time to 39.6% in the last 12 months, a 4.6 percentage-point drop on 783,465 decisions. The squeeze is not evenly distributed. Below: the eight highest-volume conditions where the 12-month rate has fallen furthest below the all-time rate.

PIP new claim award rate, England and Wales
44.2% to 39.6%

All conditions, all-time against the last twelve months, on 783,465 decisions.

ADHD or ADD 31.7% to 24.1% on 33,380 decisions. Autism 48.0% to 38.4%.

Method: new claim decisions only, DLA reassessments excluded, counted by the DWP primary condition category. Source: DWP Stat-Xplore (Open Data API). Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.

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Finding 2

The form gap.

14.5% of decided new claims in the last 12 months, roughly 113,373 people, were disallowed before anyone assessed them. In most cases the form was not returned in time; these claims never even get a condition recorded, so they show up in the overall figure but nowhere in the per-condition breakdowns.

The gap is visible from the other side too. The rate for claims that reach assessment is 46.3%, compared with 39.6% for all new-claim decisions. Getting to assessment is a filter in itself.

Finding 3

The provability gradient.

Median all-time award rates by group: objective conditions (confirmed by tests or visible damage) 56.5%; mixed 41.3%; invisible (diagnosed by symptoms and clinical judgement) 47.9%.

The gradient is not a clean split between visible and invisible. Some fluctuating conditions that are test-confirmed also cluster low, for example Crohn's disease (0.0%) and ulcerative colitis (17.7%). The common factor is how the disability presents in a one-hour assessment on one day, not just the diagnosis method.

How we classified every condition (165 categories, our editorial grouping)

The categories and numbers are DWP's. The classification below is ours, not the department's.

Confirmed by tests or visible damage (69)
Amputation - Lower limb(s)AnginaAnkylosing spondylitisBladder - cancer ofBowel cancerBrain and spinal cord - cancer ofBreast - cancer ofCancers - Other / type not knownCardiomyopathyCerebrovascular accident (stroke)Cervix - cancer ofChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) chronic bronchitis/emphysemaCirrhosis - Alcohol inducedCirrhosis - Other / type not knownConductive hearing loss - Other causes of / type not knownCrohns diseaseDeafness - congenitalDementiaDiabetes mellitus (category unknown)Diabetes mellitus Type 1 (insulin dependent)Diabetes mellitus Type 2 (non insulin dependent)Endometrium (uterus / womb) - cancer ofFracture complications - Other / type not knownGastrointestinal tract - Other cancers of / type not knownGlaucomaHead injury - Cognitive and sensorimotor impairmentHead injury - Cognitive impairmentHIV/AIDsHodgkins lymphomaIschaemic heart disease - Other / type not knownKidney - cancer ofLearning disability - Other / type not knownLiver - cancer ofLower limb - Injuries/Fracture/Dislocation ofLung cancers - OtherMotor neurone diseaseMouth/tongue - cancer ofMultiple - Injuries/Fracture/DislocationMultiple sclerosisMyelomaMyocardial infarctionNon hodgkins lymphomaOesophagus - cancer ofOsteoarthritis of HipOsteoarthritis of KneeOsteoarthritis of other single jointOsteoporosisOvary - cancer ofPancreas - cancer ofParkinson's diseasePrimary cancer - site not knownPrimary generalised OsteoarthritisProstate - cancer ofRenal failure - chronicRheumatoid arthritisSarcoidosisScoliosisSensorineural hearing loss - Other causes of / type not knownSleep apnoea - obstructiveSpinal cord compression - Other causes of / cause not knownSpinal stenosisSpine - Injuries/Fracture/Dislocation ofSpondylolisthesisStomach - cancer ofSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)Transient ischaemic attacks (TIAs)tumours - benign - Other / type not knownUlcerative colitisUpper limb - Injury/Fracture/Dislocation of
Diagnosed by symptoms and clinical judgement (34)
ADHD / ADDAgoraphobiaAlcohol misuseAnorexia nervosaAnxiety and depressive disorders - mixedAnxiety disorders - Other / type not knownAsperger syndromeAutismBack pain - Non specific (mechanical)Back pain - Specific - Other / type not knownBipolar affective disorder (Hypomania / Mania)Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS)Depressive disorderDizziness - cause not specifiedDrug misuseEhlers Danlos syndromeEndometriosisFibromyalgiaGeneralised anxiety disorderHeadache - Other causes of / cause not knownHypermobility syndromeIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS)Long COVID / post-COVID (DWP category: Coronavirus COVID-19)MigraineMood disorders - Other / type not knownObsessive compulsive disorder (OCD)Pain syndromes - Chronic - Other / type not knownPanic disorderPersonality disorderPhobia - SocialPost traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)Psychotic disorders - Other / type not knownSchizoaffective disorderSchizophrenia
In between (62)
Adhesive capsulitis (frozen shoulder)Ankle and foot disorders - Other / type not knownArthritis - PsoriaticAsthmaAtrial fibrillation/flutterAutoimmune disease - Other / type not knownBladder urethra testes and penis - Other diseases of / type not knownCardiac failureCardiovascular disease - Other / type not knownCarpal tunnel syndromeCerebrovascular disease - Other / type not knownCervical disc lesionCervical spondylosisCognitive disorders - Other / type not knownDeep vein thrombosisDisease affecting hearing & balance - Other/ type not knownDiverticular disease / diverticulitisDyslexiaEczema (dermatitis)Gastrointestinal tract - Other diseases of / type not knownGeneralised musculoskeletal disease - Other / type not knownGeneralised seizures (with status epilepticus in last 12 months)Generalised seizures (without status epilepticus in last 12 months)Genetic disorders dysplasias and malformations - Other / type not knownGoutHearing loss - mixedHeart disease - Congenital - Other / type not knownHerniaHip disorders - Other / type not knownHypertensionHypothyroidism (myxoedema)Inflammatory arthritis - Other / type not knownKidney disease - Other / type not knownKnee disorders - Other / type not knownLiver failure - Features of - Other / features not knownLower respiratory tract - Other diseases of / type not knownLumbar disc lesionLumbar spondylosis (OA spine)LymphoedemaMelanomaMenieres diseaseMovement disorders - Other / type not knownMusculoskeletal disease - Regional / Localised - Other / type not knownNeck disorders - Other / type not knownNeurological disorders - Other / type not knownNeuropathies - Other / type not known including peripheralObesityOesophagus stomach and duodenum - Other diseases of / type not knownOvary uterus cervix vagina and vulva - Other diseases of / type not knownPancreatitis - chronicPeripheral nerve injury - Other / type not knownPsoriasisRaynaud's disease/phenomenonRotator cuff disorderSeizures - unclassifiedShoulder disorders - Other / type not knownSkin disease - Other / type not knownSmall bowel - Other diseases of / type not knownspecific learning disorder - other / type not knownTachycardiaVision - Other diseases affecting / type not knownWrist and hand disorders - Other / type not known
Finding 4

What we did not find.

No gender gap at the aggregate award-rate level. Male new-claim award rate (all time): 44.2%. Female new-claim award rate (all time): 44.2%. The correlation between a condition's female share and its award rate across 165 categories is 0.13, which is weak.

Claims of a systemic gender penalty in PIP award rates are not supported at this level of the data. This does not rule out differences at the descriptor, appeals, or regional level, which this dataset cannot see. We publish this section deliberately: what the data does not show matters as much as what it does.

Finding 5

Seven years of growth.

Total PIP caseload rose from roughly 2.11 million (April 2019) to 4,010,119 (April 2026). Named risers stand out:

  • Endometriosis: 8.5× increase since 2019 (7166,121 claimants).
  • Anxiety disorders - Other / type not known: 4.8× increase since 2019 (8,05139,033 claimants).
Finding 6

The second look helps the least-believed the least.

Mandatory reconsideration is the internal DWP re-look before you can appeal. Its own change rate is not evenly distributed. Rates are highest for objectively evidenced conditions, and lowest for the least-believed.

Highest MR change rate
  • Huntington's disease44.2%
  • Dementia42.4%
  • Paraplegia (traumatic)42.4%
  • Anorexia nervosa40.4%
  • Cerebral palsy - Diplegic39.9%
  • Learning disability - Other / type not known39.8%
Lowest MR change rate
  • Sleep apnoea - obstructive13.8%
  • Ulcerative colitis15.5%
  • Migraine15.6%
  • Eczema (dermatitis)15.8%
  • Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)16.6%
  • Ovary uterus cervix vagina and vulva - Other diseases of / type not known17.3%

Period: April 2013 to July 2021. DWP stopped publishing per-condition MR outcomes after July 2021; this is the most recent per-condition MR data the department has released. The current national aggregate (28% of MRs change the decision, May 2021 to April 2026) is published in the quarterly PIP statistics. Current national aggregate: 28% (May 2021 to April 2026).

Award rates vary just as sharply by geography. Read the Postcode Lottery for every Westminster constituency, ranked.

Methodology and caveats

Definitions. rateAllTime = Awarded ÷ (Awarded + Disallowed), new claims, all months since 2013, withdrawn excluded. rate12m = the same, decisions made May 2025 to April 2026 only; null (marked †) where fewer than 300 decisions in the window. Claimants = cases with entitlement, April 2026.

Coverage. England and Wales (DWP policy ownership). Scotland has migrated to Adult Disability Payment.

Source. DWP Stat-Xplore (Open Data API). DWP quarterly PIP statistics, 16 June 2026 release. Retrieved 16 July 2026.

Licence. Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0.

What this data cannot say. Award rate is not a measure of severity or deservingness. DWP records one primary condition per claim; many claimants have more than one. Per-condition waiting times and per-condition tribunal outcomes are not published, and we never imply them.

Full methodology.

Edition
June 2026 DWP release
Licence
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
DOI
10.5281/zenodo.21920593

Archived copy published 13 August 2026. The deposit defines the measure as awarded divided by awarded plus disallowed, new claims only, withdrawn excluded.

How to cite this

Finally Seen (2026). PIP new-claim award rates by condition and by constituency, June 2026 DWP release. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21920593

The DOI is the concept DOI and always resolves to the newest archived edition.

How to read these figures

Source
DWP Stat-Xplore and the published DWP PIP statistical releases. Every figure on the page carries its own source link and the period it covers, and no figure here is recomputed or modelled by us.
Population
everyone in Great Britain with a PIP claim recorded under the disabling condition named on this page. Claims are coded by DWP to a single primary disabling condition, so a person with more than one condition appears once, under one code.
Suppression and small numbers
DWP rounds published volumes and suppresses small cells to protect identity. Where a group is too small to publish a stable rate we do not print a rate for it, and we do not fill the gap with an estimate.
What these figures are not
They are averages across a whole condition code over a whole period. They are not a prediction about any individual claim, not a measure of how disabling a condition is, and not a statement about anyone's entitlement. Decisions are made on the evidence in a single claim.

Full methodology: sources, periods, coding and known limitations.

How this page is paid for

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What we publish free, what we sell, and the money we do not take.

If a specific condition brought you here, the per-condition pages go deeper on the ten we have written up.

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All 165 DWP condition categories, with award rates and the decision counts behind them. Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Our compilation is CC BY 4.0.

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